India to lose $4.64b daily during lockdown: Study

The ongoing disruption caused by the spread of COVID-19 will have a significant economic consequence with estimates suggesting that every single day of the 21-day nationwide lockdown will cost the Indian economy almost $4.64 billion, Acuite Ratings & Research has said in its latest report.

The single-day loss number will translate into a GDP loss of almost $98 billion during 21-day lockdown, the credit rating agency said.

"We have employed multiple methods to assess real GDP estimates for Q1 of FY21 and believe that there is a significant risk that it may contract up to 5 per cent-6 per cent as compared with a pre-COVID-19 growth estimate of 5 per cent," Sankar Chakraborti, CEO, Acuite Ratings & Research, said.

In such a lockdown scenario, the most severely affected sectors are transport, hotel, restaurant and real estate activities. According to Acuite, there would be around 50 per cent GVA (gross value added) loss in these sectors, which account for around 22 per cent in overall GVA, in Q1 of FY21.

On the other hand, services expected to see enhanced activities during this crisis are communication, broadcasting and healthcare; however, at 3.5 per cent, these sectors have a small contribution in the overall GVA.

The impact of the lockdown is also fairly severe on industrial activities, which are set to witness significant contraction in Q1 except in the pharmaceutical, gas and electricity and medical devices which account for around 5 per cent of GVA.

Unlike the services sector, the industry, however can manage demand to some extent with inventory drawdowns until the resumption of production.

Karan Mehrishi, lead economist of the rating agency, said: "The agricultural sector, which accounts for 15 per cent of GVA, is nonetheless, expected to see continuing activity even in the lockdown period; however, the allied activities are partly impacted as livestock and fisheries are experiencing mute demand due to the COVID-19 concerns."

Acuite said it would take at least 2-3 months to restore the industry supply chain even if the lockdown is limited to 21 days; there are also further risks of local lockdown in different regions in India, depending on the extent of the outbreak and partial disruption in economic activities till H1FY19 is a realistic scenario.

It is estimated that the second quarter may show a moderately positive growth of just under 3 per cent on the back of the expected normalisation process and some pent-up demand although it is also linked to the intensity of the pandemic.

On the positive side, a quick recovery in the domestic economic activities is likely in H2, which may in turn benefit from the increased fiscal and monetary measures along with lower global oil prices.

"We, therefore, believe that the average H2 GDP expansion may be in the vicinity of 6.5 per cent. Overall, a likely contraction in Q1 followed by a modest growth in Q2 will clearly have a severe impact on India's economic trajectory that has already been under the effect of a prolonged slowdown," the report said.